同义替换分2种。第1种是:正确选项中的某个短语和原文中的某个短语意思相同,如explore和probe都是“探索”,shared和collective都是“共同的”,purchase和forthesale都表示“交易、买卖”;第2种是:正确选项是对原文中某句话的概括,如:“discovery is described as seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what nobody has thought”概括起来就是“scientific work calls for a critical mind”(当然这里critical的一词多义要非常熟悉才行);“Politicians have repeatedly“backloaded”public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that a real ready generous”概括起来就是“the income in the state sector is indirectly augmented”(第二个例子的意思是“国有部门虽然工资没涨太多但是其福利奖金有所增加”,所以概括起来就是“间接地增加了国有部门收入”)。