介词短语做定语
介词短语起修饰限定作用时,可以修饰名词或代词,往往置于所修饰词的后面,做后置定语。如;
The book on the desk (桌上的书), the professor of PK University (北大的教授)
7,非谓语动词做定语
1) 动词不定式只能做后置定语,表示将要发生的动作。如:
He has a good pen to write with 他有一只很好写的笔。( 动词不定式 to write with与修饰的名词之间构成动宾关系: write with pen, 且动词不定式做后置定语相当于定语从句 to write with= which he can write with)
2)分词既可以做前置定语,也可以做后置定语。
若是单个的分词,通常置于被修饰名词之前,若是分词短语作定语则要置于被修饰名词之后,其功能相当于定语从句;现在分词作定语表主动关系、表动作正在进行,过去分词作定语表被动关系、表示动作已完成。
如:the developing countries 发展中国家(强调动作正在进行,发展中的)
the developed countries 发达国家( developed发展已完成)
The grammar being taught is distinctly important. = The grammar (which is being taught) is distinctly important.正在教的语法非常重要。
The grammar taught yesterday is distinctly important. = The grammar (which was taught yesterday) is distinctly important.昨天教的语法非常重要。