发布时间： 2016年12月06日
上课的时候强调过的，如果同学们对写作一头雾水，首先要训练的两项内功和意识就是有关观点和现象，或者说表象和实质，或者说是具体和抽象，或者说是演绎和归纳，或者说色和空。今天我们着重锻炼这个层面中的一个——各种观点的表达。
【认知】
今天我们的选段来自于2011年考研英语第四篇阅读理解的第一段。大爱这一篇文章的写法，不过由于时间关系，我们还是只呈现其中一段好了。
It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter – nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”
由于整个系列的要求，选段的难度和博文的难度也在不断提升。在面对大量信息需要消化的时候，我们所需要做的首先是化整为零，然后做分类。大家可以结合阅读老师上课教授的技巧进行练习。
【解析】
昨天讲过，在分解的过程当中，我们首先考虑的是大处着眼，从宏观到微观，所以在分析段落的过程当中，我们首先能看到的是段落当中的一些关键字。何为关键字？简而言之，就是你能看懂并且认为重要的字。如果你仍然认为干扰太多，结构太复杂，就去寻找这个文章和段落的观点以及立场。
It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter – nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”
（一）
第一句话里面it is no surprise只是作为一个语气类的引入，对句子的正负没有任何影响。于是主干出现了cover story is arousing much chatter。后面的破折号一般表示解释，所以可以暂时不看。大概意思大家应该明白，就是引起了讨论，只是chatter在这里不是那么正面的色彩，所以翻译成“口水仗”。绿色的rather than后面可以略过，看逗号后红色的部分，我们大概明白了这个story的作者的态度--我们应该重新定义幸福或快乐。冒号后面是解释，可以暂时不看。如果硬要看，可以看红色的部分。看到Even though，知道重点在后面，于是挑出主干，红色的部分大家可以尝试阅读。
整个段落的大致结构已经出现：
1 故事引发讨论 解释
2 反观点 正观点（注意：这里不是罗列反观点，而是用反观点衬托作者Senior的正观点）
3 进一步细化反观点的衬托 进一步细化正观点
这个是正反观点的一种写法变体，大家好好模仿吧。恳请各位同学不要再写some people believe...others believe...I believe...了……求你们了！中国烂模板害死人不偿命啊！
（二）
我们来看看具体的句子，结合我们前面所提到的相关句型仿写的写法，我们逐一分析。
It is no surprising that xx is arousing much chatter.
除了用it is no surprsing that...后面接一个观点或者现象，还可以用it is not uncommong/unusual等相关的写法。这个句子比较简单，所以不赘述了。
nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience.
我们看到另一种表达最高级的方式，如同nobody moved so fast like he did. 大家很容易看出来，意思就是he moved faster than anyone else. 所以这个句子中the suggestion加上后面的同位语从句，成了使得大家热烈讨论的导火线。用这样的方式写句子，除了更好的表达最高级，还可以在结尾的名词处多出一个同位语从句，一举两得的。
在看句子里面，A is anything less than B，如果不熟悉anything less than就是by no means或者not at all的意思，我们可以推理出，anything就是任何事物，less than是小于号，也就是倾其所有也达不到的感觉，自然是否定的。顺便提一下，两个形容词修饰名词的情况，这个上课讲过，但是这里，出现了副词修饰形容词A，加上合成形容词B的方法。如果暂时学不会，可以不用勉强。
Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness
rather than doing A, 加上主句。这个仿写比较容易，注意一下suggest和前文的suggestion，都是揭示，暗示的意思，具体的原因可以通过后面句子的时态看出。
instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition
再次强调，instead of 不要理解为“代替”，求你们了，它的本质含义就和rather than类似，理解成“而不是”。可怜的同学们肯定是因为背了单词书的英文和中文直接对应，忽略了它的语境，再次大声疾呼，一个词汇和短语的意思要在句子中才能体现出真正含义啊！！对了，注意Instead of doing A，后年有定语从句，这样也就不会和前面的rather than显得重复。这就是有变化的重复的另外一种变体，绝对不是只把important换成significant那么简单。
Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”
简单的让步状语从句，即使……也……稍微注意一下那个hard前面的合成副词，大家应该还记得我上课说过，能把副词用到极致的人，是高手，这里的soul-crushingly hard就是很好的例证，不过我忍不住问一句，为什么这里的hard不变成difficult呢？
【应用】
我们来简单做一个个句子的仿写。
It is no surprising that xx is arousing much chatter.
最近高铁出事比较多，it is no suprsing that the breakdown of the High Speed Train is arousing much chatter.
nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience.
飞机误点，火车遇到泥石流，大巴事故，私家车堵车等各种交通工具的话题都没有这一次让大家讨论得那么热烈，坐高铁的人你伤不起啊！（此处省略各种尼玛有木有坑爹等一万字）。nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that High Speed Train jouney is anything less than a completely exicitng and joy-drilling experience.
Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness
平常的讨论局限于利弊之争（中国人写文章的时候很容易作出利大于弊或者弊大于利的大讨论，似乎所有的利弊都可以衡量一样），这次人们没有这么做，逐渐变得客观理性的人们觉得我们应该重新开始考虑问题的根源。Rather than following the traditional debate upon the advantages and disvantages upon taking the train(也可以用pros and cons)，people with greater ration tend to suggest that we need to reconsider the root of all these problems.
instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition
如果高铁一出故障大家都不坐高铁了，那和谁会呛到，人们就不喝水了？我们最常见的问题就是当我们拥有解决方法A的时候，我们总会说，因为它会带来B，所以它不好。我就奇怪了，解决方法A生下来就不是为了解决问题B的，它最多用来解决问题A，为什么非要它如此完美后，大家才能接受呢，如果出现了问题B，而解决方案A又是必须实行的，那我们就做一个解决方法B来解决问题B好了。旧问题解决了，新问题自然会出来，但是因为新问题会出来而放弃解决旧问题，我们什么也做不了。所以，不要把任何一种全新的交通工具定义为提供完美旅程的渠道，我们要考虑的是如何可以让它变得更好。Instead of thinking of the newly built train as something that can provided us with perfection, we should consider making it a step closer to betterment.
Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.
即使某个高铁故障让人心惊胆寒，问题的关键也绝对不是停止高铁项目，而充其量是增强质量检测和控制。Even though the vivid experience of taking the high speed train can be soul-crushingly unpleasant, the very things that in the moment call for our serious discussion should be the quallity control, rather than the prohibition of the entire programme.
【变通】
上课的方法是，大家在学习了新的东西后，宏观上可以随便挑选考研真题或者任何预测题目来进行验证，微观上可以通过报数字的方式，随机选择指定句型，表达相关的含义和内容。但是，无数次课堂尝试证明，很多同学很难就一个问题发表出中文的观点，成句成篇自然是非常煎熬的过程。希望大家好好按照我第一节课讲过的方法，通过流水线搭建自己的思想结构，尽快地熟悉作文入手的基本套路。再出今天的题目之前，我再次强调“像我者死，学我者生”这句古训，翻译过来的意思就是，用模板者死，用模式者生。今天的题目是“乐观与悲观”，大家可以试试看。
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