2016年托福写作语料库：大画家伦勃朗

　　　阅读背景知识积累：

　　伦勃朗·哈尔曼松·凡·莱因(Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn 1606年7月15日- 1669年10月4日)是欧洲17世纪最伟大的画家之一，也是荷兰历史上最伟大的画家。台湾简称为林布兰特。伦勃朗早年从师P.拉斯特曼，1625 年在家乡开设画室。画作体裁广泛，擅长肖像画、风景画、风俗画、宗教画、历史画等。

　　托福综合写作阅读材料：

　　Rembrandt is the most famous of theseventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there are doubts whether somepaintings attributed to Rembrandt were actually painted by him. One such paintingis known as attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed therepresentation of the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known tobe by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it couldnot be a work by Rembrandt.

　　伦勃朗是十七世纪荷兰最富盛名的画家。然后，对于有些画作是否确实出自他手却是颇有争议的。有一副有争议的画归于伦勃朗名下是因为其风格属于伦勃朗，同时画上女子的面庞也同伦勃朗其他画作中的人物非常类似的。然而，这幅画中存在的一些问题却表明这幅画不是伦勃朗的作品。

　　First, there is something inconsistentabout the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearing a whitelinen cap of a kind that only servants would wear-yet the coat she is wearinghas a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who wasknown for his attention to the details of his subjects’ clothing, would nothave been guilty of such an inconsistency.

　　首先，这幅画上的一个问题就是画中女子的衣着有些不协调。她带着一个白色的亚麻帽子，这是一种仆人才会戴的帽子。但是穿的衣服却有一个奢华的皮草领子，这样的衣服是仆人阶层所不能承受的。以关注作品服饰细节著称的伦勃朗是不会在作品中发这样的错误的。

　　Second, Rembrandt was a master of paintinglight and shadow, but in this painting these elements do not fit together. Theface appears to be illuminated by light reflected onto itfrom below. But belowthe face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflectit. So the face should appear partially in shadow-which is not how it appears.Rembrandt would never have made such an error.

　　第二，伦勃朗是光影大师，但是在这幅作品中光影却是不协调的。人物的面庞被来自下面的光照亮了，但是面部下面却是深色的皮草领子。这个深色的皮草领子应该是吸光而不是反光的，所以面部应该呈现的是半明半暗的状态，而不是全部都是亮的。伦勃朗是绝不会犯这样的错误的。

　　Finally, examination of the back of thepainting reveals that it was painted on a panelmade of several pieces of woodglued together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels, no paintingknown to be by Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in thisway from severalpieces of wood.

　　最后，对于画作背侧的检查发现这幅画的木板是有几块木头粘在一起的。尽管伦勃朗常常会在木板上作画，但是尚未发现伦勃朗使用几块拼接的木板作画。

　　For these reason the painting was removedfrom the official catalog of Rembrandt’s paintings in the 1930s.

　　因为上述原因，这幅画在1930年代从伦勃朗的官方画作目录中移除了。

　　托福综合写作阅读部分需要提取的观点是：

　　-Main point: The painting is not a work by Rembrandt.

　　-Sub point 1: There is something inconsistent about the way the woman inthe portrait is

　　dressed.

　　-Sub point 2: Light and shadow do not fit together.

　　-Sub point 3: Panel made of several pieces of wood glued together whichis never done by Rembrandt.

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