新概念英语第二册语法总结：被动语态

何时运用被动语态：

（1）强调动作的接受者：America was discovered by Columbus.
（2）不知谁是动作的执行者：You are wanted on the phone.
（3）作客观说明：It is said that the meeting has been put off. （经典句型）

主动变被动的基本方法：（说起来容易，掌握起来需要用心！）

（1）主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
（2）谓语动词变为由“be 过去分词”的形式，配合时态作相应变化。
（3）主动语态主语置于介词 by之后，如无必需，则省略。
（4）不及物动词没有被动语态。

现    在 do (does) →am / is / are done
We keep the piano in the living-room.
→The piano is kept in the living-room.

过    去 did→was / were done
They built the bridge in 1980.
→The bridge was built in 1980.

将    来 will/shall do → will/shall be done
He will read the book tomorrow.
→The book will be read tomorrow.

现在完成 have/has done → have/has been done
We have delivered the newspaper.
→The newspapers have been delivered (by us).

过去完成 had done → had been done
She had seen the film before she came here.
→The film had been seen before she came here.

将来完成 will/shall have done → will/shall have been done
By the end of this term we shall have finished 80 texts.
→By the end of this term 80 texts will have been finished.

现在进行 am/is/are doing → am/is/are being done
They are drawing the picture.
→The picture is being drawn by them.< /p>

过去进行 was/were doing → was/were being done
He was reviewing their lessons at this moment yesterday.
→Their lessons were being reviewed at this moment yesterday.

情态动词 may                       may
can                         can
must                      must
should      do   →     should      be done
ought to                 ought to
used to                   used to
You must write an article on the subject.
→An article must be written on the subject.

测试精编

1. Since the first space mission, many communication satellites ________.
A. was launched      B. are launched      C. have been launched      D. had been launched

2. What kind of advice ________ you?
A. has gave      B. was gave      C. had been given to     D. has given

3. The slave ________ from morning till night.
A. madeto work      B. was made working      C. was made worked      D. was made to work

4. The construction of the laboratory ________ by the end of July.
A. must be completing                 B. must complete
C. must have completed                D. must have been completed

5. Your proposal ________ by the committee soon.
A. is discussed                       B. has been discussed
C. is going to be discussed              D. will have been discussed

（后设答案，大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……）

KEYS

1. C    2. C    3. D    4. D    5. C

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