发布时间： 2016年07月13日
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1．Not very. 不太重。
是It is not very heavy的省略形式。口语中回答问题时，常把主语、动词和宾语都省略，只剩一个副词、一个副词词组或一个动词不定式短语等。
2．Put it on this chair. 把它放在这把椅子上。
it指bag。在没有扶手的椅子上用on，在有扶手的椅子上用in。如：
sit on a chair 坐在椅子上
sit in an armchair 坐在扶手椅里
3．cheese, bread, soap, chocolate, milk, sugar, coffee, tea, tobacco
这些词都是不可数名词。不可数名词前面不能加a或an，也没有复数形式。如果想表示“一些”之意，可用some，any等词。some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句。（可参见Lessons 27～28语法部分。）
如果要表示“一块”、“一张”、“一条”等，需加如a piece of这表示数量的短语。本课表示数量的短语还有：
a loaf of 一个
a bar of 一条
a bottle of 一瓶
a pound of 一磅
half a pound of 半磅
a quarter of 四分之一
a tin of 一听
4．a loaf of bread，一个面包。
指西餐中切成片吃的整个面包。
5．a bar of chocolate，一块巧克力。
指一长条巧克力糖。这种形状的巧克力有时也可称为一块巧克力。
语法 Grammar in use
there＋be结构（3）
当there＋be后跟单数名词或不可数名词时，动词be的一般现在时形式为is；当后面跟复数名词时，动词用are。如果后跟几个并列名词，而第一个名词是单数，动词仍用is。there＋be后面的名词是句子的主语。如：
There is a hammer on the bookcase. 书箱上有个鎯头。（单数名词）
There is some tea in the cup. 杯子里有些茶水。（不可数名词）
There are three bottles of milk on the table. 桌子上有3瓶牛奶。（不可数名词，用复数量词修饰）
There is a pen, two books and a knife on the desk. 课桌上有一枝钢笔、两本书和一把小刀。（第一个并列名词是单数）
也请参见Lessons 19～20以及Lessons 27～28语法部分。
词汇学习 Word study
1．bar n.
（1）条；块：
He has just had a chocolate bar.他刚刚吃了一块巧克力。
（2）（门、窗的）闩；杆：
He is now behind bars. 他现在被关在监狱里。（bar指窗上装有铁栅栏，behind bars是一种非正式固定用语，意为in prison，关在监狱里。）
（3）酒吧（间）：
The bar is very crowded. 酒吧里人很拥挤。
2．pound n.
（1）磅；常衡磅（分成16盎司，等于0.4536千克，略作1b.）；金衡磅（分成12盎司，等于0.3732千克，略作1b. t.）：
It weighs 15 pounds. 它的重量为15磅。
Give me a pound of sugar, please. 请给我1磅糖。
（2）英镑（英国货币单位，简写为￡，全称为pound sterling）：
The shirt costs me ￡ 20. 买这件衬衣花了我20镑。
Half a pound of coffee costs one pound. 半磅咖啡的价格是一英镑。
练习答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 42
A
1 Is there any bread in the kitchen?
2 There's a loaf on the table.
3 There's some coffee on the table, too.
4 There isn't any chocolate on the table.
5 There's a spoon on that dish.
6 Is there any soap on the dressing table?
B
1 Is there a spoon here?
Yes, there is. There's one on the plate.
2 Is there a tie here?
Yes, there is. There's one on the chair.
3 Is there any milk here?
Yes, there is. There's some on the table.
4 Is there a hammer here?
Yes, there is. There's one on the bookcase.
5 Is there any tea here?
Yes, there is. There's some on the table.
6 Is there a vase here?
Yes, there is. There's one on the radio.
7 Is there a suit here?
Yes, there is. There's one in the wardrobe.
8 Is there any tobacco here?
Yes, there is. There's some in the tin.
9 Is there any chocolate here?
Yes, there is. There's some on the desk.
10 Is there any cheese here?
Yes, there is. There's some on the plate.
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