发布时间： 2016年03月17日
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Losing Weight
Girls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food，a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday.
Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds. Even at the tender age of 10, nearly 32 percent of girls felt “too fat” and 31 percent said they were trying to diet.
McVey, a researcher at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, and her Colleagues analyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario schoolgirls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings in Tuesday's issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal.
Nearly 80 per cent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7.2 per cent were considered overweight using standard weight-to-height ratios. Most researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figure.
Nearly 30 per cent of the girls reported they were currently trying to lose weight, though few admitted to dangerous behavior such as self-induced vomiting.
Still, a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 per cent of survey participants were already at risk of developing an eating disorder.
“We're not talking about kids who've been prescribed a diet because they're above average weight or overweight. We're talking about children who are within a healthy weight range. And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight,” McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbing. She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task, with no easy solutions.
1、The study showed that most of the girls ______.
A、were overweight
B、were on diet
C、had unhealthy attitudes about weight
D、had a healthy body weight
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】 利用题干中的核心结构most of the girls作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：(第2段)Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority (“大多数”与线索结构most of the girls呼应)had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds. 借助划线结构的含义(大多数女孩体重是健康的)判断D是答案。
2、What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight?
A、Nearly 80 percent
B、7.2 percent
C、Nearly 30 percent
D、10.5 percent
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】 利用被选项的特点—数字，作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句，判断答案为C：Even at the tender age of 10, nearly 32 percent of girls felt too fat (“感到超重”与题干中的“认为自己超重”呼应)and 31 percent said they were trying to diet.
3、The survey participants were girls ______.
A、who were 10
B、who were 14
C、who were 10 to 14
D、who were 10 to 18
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】 利用被选项的特点——数字，作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句，判断答案为C：Their study of 2,279 girls (与题干中的survey participants一致) aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds.
4、What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with?
A、A school
B、A hospital
C、An association
D、A charity
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】 题目问的是“主要的那个研究者(researcher是单数)在哪个机构工作”，利用题干中的核心结构institution 和lead researcher作为答案线索，这样发现文章中并没有这两个词出现，所以判断可能需要进行推断。文章中具体提到的单个的研究者就是McVey (McVey, a researcher at the hospital for sick children in Toronto(一家儿童医院的研究者), and her colleagues analyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario schoolgirls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings in Tuesday’s issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal.) 而文章的结尾也是以McVey的观点/看法结尾：(McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbing. She said…)因此判断McVey就是题干中提到的“主要研究者”，并判断B是答案。
5、Unhealthy attitudes about weight，body image and food may ______.
A、lead to an eating disorder
B、result from self-induced vomiting
C、make it easier to gain weight
D、bring about greater competition
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】 本题可以用排除法来做。result from self-induced vomiting：来自于自己故意的呕吐;make it easier to gain weight：更容易变胖;bring about greater competition：使竞争更激烈。结合文章和常识可以判断出，这三项都不正确，所以答案是A。
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