发布时间： 2016年03月11日
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Marriage Advertisements in India
Every Sunday morning millions of Indians settle down with a cup of tea and special weekend issues of their newspapers, just as Americans do. But here, with the marriage season approaching, many of them quickly turn to a Sunday feature that is particularly Indian - the columns of marriage advertisements in which young people look for husbands and wives. This is relatively (相关地) modern change in the age-old custom of the arranged marriage. The thousands of advertisements published each week increasingly reflect social changes that coming to this traditional society. For example, although women are still described in terms of appearance, or skill in “the wifely arts,” information about her earning power is entering more and more of the advertisements. This reflects the arrival in India of the working wife.
Divorce, which used to be almost unheard of in India, is sometimes now mentioned in the advertisements as in the case of a woman whose advertisement in New Delhi newspaper explained that she had been “the innocent party” when her marriage broke up.
Because the custom of the dowry (嫁妆) (marriage payment) is now illegal (违法的), some advertisements say “no dowry”, or “simple marriage”, which means the same thing. However, the fathers of many bridegrooms still require it.
In a land where light skin is often regarded as socially preferable, many also require that a woman have a “wheat-color” complexion (面色) or that a man be “tall, fair and handsome”.
Advertisements are placed and eagerly read by a wide range of people in the upper classes, mostly in cities. Many of them receive dozens of answers. “There’s nothing embarrassing about it,” explained a Calcutta businessman advertising a son-in-law. “It’s just another way of broadening the contacts and increases the possibility of doing the contacts and increasing the possibilities of finding the best one for one’s daughter.”
Because of high unemployment and a generally poor standard of living here, one of the best attractions a marriage advertisement can offer is a permit to live abroad, especially in Canada or the United States. A person who has one can get what he wants.
One recent Sunday in Madras, for example, a Punjabi engineer living in San Francisco advertised for a “beautiful slim bride with lovely features knowing music and dance.” And a man whose advertisement said that he held an American immigration permit was able to say, only girls from rich, well-connected families need apply.
1、In Marriage advertisements in India women are only introduced in terms of appearance or their skill in being a good wife.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】 India是文章主题词，所以不用India作为答案线索(因为文章主题词会在文章中反复出现)，利用问题句中的细节信息词Marriage advertisements和appearance and their skill作为答案线索， 在文章中找到答案相关句：For example, although women are still described in terms of appearance, or skill in “the wifely arts,” information about her earning power is entering more and more of the advertisements. 答案相关句说“尽管广告依然描述妇女的外貌或妇女的贤惠， 关于妇女赚钱能力的介绍也在越来越多的婚姻广告上出现了”， 显然答案相关句的内容与问题句(印度的婚姻广告只介绍妇女的外貌或妇女的贤惠)内容不一致。
2、India’s society is changing.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】 这道题是主旨题。文章第一段倒数第3句直接反映文章主题：The thousands of advertisements published each week increasingly reflect social changes that coming to this traditional society. 该句说“每周公布的数以千计的广告反映出这个传统的社会正发生着变化”。
3、The word “dowry” in the third paragraph means marriage payment.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】 利用dowry作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句：Because the custom of the dowry (marriage payment) is now illegal, some advertisements say "no dowry", or "simple marriage", which means the same thing.答案相关句中marriage payment放在括号中出现在dowry，充当其同位语结构，对其进行解释，因此dowry的含义就是“marriage payment(彩礼钱)”。
4、In India people with light skin and good feature are preferable.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】 利用细节结构“light skin”和“good feature”作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句：In a land(国家，指印度)where light skin is often regarded as socially preferable, many also require that a woman have a "wheat-color" complexion or that a man be "tall, fair and handsome".答案相关句说“在印度，人们喜好浅亮肤色”，但并没有说“喜欢美丽的容貌”，因此问题句中有部分信息没有在文章中出现。
5、The word “one” in “A person who has one can get what he wants” refers to good attraction.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】 首先找到“A person who has one can get what he wants”所在的上下文：Because of high unemployment and a generally poor standard of living here, one of the best attractions a marriage advertisement can offer is a permit to live abroad, especially in Canada or the United States. A person who has one can get what he wants. 划线句说“有了一个…的人能得到他想要的”，结合前句话的内容，one 应该指前句中的permit to live abroad(在国外居住地许可证)。
6、Advertisements are only read by a small group of people of high social status.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】 利用问题句中含有修饰结构的短语people of high social status作为答案线索，在第5段中找到答案相关句：Advertisements are placed and eagerly read by a wide range of people in the upper classes(与people of high social status呼应)，mostly in cities. 答案相关句说“上层社会中很多人都会急切地读这些广告” ， 因此问题句的内容与答案相关句的内容不一致。
7、In India there is a high divorce rate.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】 文章中没有提到印度的离婚率。
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