发布时间: 2016年03月02日
补全短文这个题型是职称英语考试中比较难的一题,该题出现在试卷的第五部分;一篇短文中有5个空格,分别是五句被删掉的句子,从下面6个选项中找出5个分别填在空格中使文章完整。此题不易作的原因有二:
1)它不仅要求较高的阅读能力,还要具备良好的逻辑推理能力;
2) 6选5的题其中必然有一个选项是干扰选项,如果考生不幸将其作为答案填入则意味着至少要丢4分(每空2分)。
因此,我们答题时必须遵循先易后难的步骤进行。假设有2个空实在找不出答案,在剩余的2个选项中选择一个同时填入两个空格,能确保其一正确。下面,我们一起来学习一下补全短文解题思路:
1.读文章标题,了解文章主题(提示: 如果被选项偏离文章主题,则该被选项成为答案的可能性较小)
2.仔细读被选项,体会被选项之间在语意, 在用词, 在结构上的相互关系(答案往往出自有关系的被选项中)
3.找出被选项中的典型篇章词汇(人称代词, 指示代词, 定冠词结构)——判断答案选项的关键;
4.如果被选项中出现了“we(us, our, ours)”或“you(your, yours)”这样的人称代词, 这样的词汇在上下文的使用中应该是一致的。
下面,我们重点看一下指代法在补全短文中的应用,常考代词有以下几个:
1) They:指代复数的人物、动物或事物等(their指代他们的);
2) He/she:指代单数的男性或女性人物、动物等(his/her指代他的或她的);
3) It:指代单数的动物、事物或事件等(its指代它的);
4) other, the other, others, the others
[例1] 请找出下列句子中代词指代的对象。
1. iPad applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owners to personalize their email accounts.
2. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words.
3. Elle and Serge were fined for blocking a driveway with their car. It was their own driveway.
As the glacier descended, however, it expended enormous force on those mountains, and they sank into the sea.
指代法在补全短文中的实例分析:
[例2]
Undergraduates at large US universities —— especially freshmen and sophomores —— often have several classes a semester handled by TAs. In some cases, the TA sets the course content. ______(11) Most have good intentions, but only a few are as effective as flesh-and-blood professors.
A. Back at Renda, I had walked into my first classes feeling like a celebrity
B. In my students' minds, I had little to offer them, except perhaps some sample questions for the mid-term exam.
C. In others, the TA works as a grader and discussion leader
D. I encountered these in China, and I faced them in the US.
E. On the other hand, being taught by a graduate student is not necessarily bad
F. Most were polite, or at least, indifferent.
C
第一步:回归原文,根据句子前后判断答案。横线前面一句出现了In some cases(在某些情况下),句子的意思是:在某些时候,由TA设置课程内容。说明接下来要说的就是在其他的情况下了。
第二步:接下来看选项,选项当中只有C选项中出现了表示其它情况的“in others”,因此,本题的正确答案为C.
[总结]
1.当选项中出现“other 名词”形式时,横线前面出现和名词对应的内容;
2.当选项出现“others”,说明others指代的是前文出现的一些或一部分人或物;
3.当选项中some后面没有跟名词时,说明some指代的是前文出现的一些或一部分人或物。
4. 当选项出现“some 名词”形式时,横线前面出现和名词对应的内容。